Seed germination before photosynthesis. Before chloroplasts mature, an oilseed embryo is entirely heterotrophic: stored triacylglycerol must be mobilised, run through peroxisomal beta-oxidation and the glyoxylate cycle, and converted to ATP by mitochondrial respiration. That makes the first 0-72 hours after imbibition the window where a respiratory or Fe/S lesion would have most leverage, and the reason Arabidopsis and Brassica are comparable systems for the review's argument. The original Figure 6 carried a summary table of "normalized trend ranges" for germination rate, radicle length, ATP status and seedling vigour; those were qualitative cross-study impressions rather than measured values, so no number from them is reproduced here. The map shows the route and the endpoints; any quantity has to arrive from projected data. Every node on this map is T3 or T4, which is the honest state of the field: the review's central proposal is a geomagnetic-versus-near-null imbibition time course, and no such experiment exists in its bibliography. Derived from: Figure 6 of Porterfield & Barker, "Plant Responses to Near-Null Magnetic Fields" — expanded to the reserve-mobilisation route and bound to Arabidopsis loci structural_context 3.1.1.3 ros_leak_site 1.3.3.6 Acyl-CoA oxidase is a flavoprotein that reduces O2 directly to H2O2 as part of its normal catalytic cycle — one of the few places in the cell where peroxide production is the intended chemistry rather than a leak. During germination that makes the peroxisome a major ROS source at exactly the stage the review argues matters most. A flavin semiquinone is not well established in the acyl-CoA oxidase mechanism, and the enzyme's own catalase-rich compartment quenches the product quickly. Classed only as a ROS source, not as a radical-pair site. structural_context AT3G21720 AT5G03860 4.1.3.1 2.3.3.9 structural_context CHEBI:15351 C00024 flavin_semiquinone iron_sulfur_4Fe4S iron_sulfur_2Fe2S ros_leak_site 1H 14N 57Fe 33S CHEBI:58210 AT5G37510 AT5G08530 AT4G02580 AT5G11770 GO:0005747 7.1.1.2 The FMN site forms a flavin semiquinone during turnover and is a known superoxide-producing leak site, and the Fe/S chain performs sequential one-electron transfers — both of the physical routes the radical-pair and hyperfine arguments require. No published experiment has applied a near-null field and measured plant complex I activity, so this is a hypothesis with a mechanism, not a result. Electron transfer along the Fe/S chain is fast relative to plausible singlet-triplet mixing times, so a coherent radical-pair effect here is harder to argue than at the flavin. Treat the flavin and the cluster chain as separate hypotheses rather than one. heme_copper_binuclear cu_a_binuclear heme_electron_carrier 57Fe 1H GO:0005751 7.1.1.9 The review names cytochrome oxidase explicitly as a candidate direct metabolic target. The heme a3/CuB centre passes through paramagnetic oxygen intermediates (P, F, oxoferryl) whose spin states are, in principle, field-addressable. Strongly exchange-coupled metal centres relax very fast, which argues against coherent spin effects. This is a mechanistically attractive but physically demanding hypothesis, and is labelled T3 for that reason. iron_sulfur_4Fe4S 57Fe 33S AT4G35830 AT4G26970 AT2G05710 4.2.1.3 The review nominates aconitase as the sentinel of Fe/S integrity, and the biochemistry supports it: the exposed cluster iron makes aconitase the first TCA activity to fall under oxidative stress, so it reports cluster damage before anything else does. Precisely because aconitase responds to any oxidative insult, a change under NNMF would NOT by itself implicate a magnetic mechanism. It is a sensitive readout and a poor discriminator; it needs a paired ROS-independent control. structural_context CHEBI:30616 CHEBI:456216 C00002 C00008 Mitochondrial energy metabolism is redox-kick-started during seed germination, establishing that respiratory competence is restored before photosynthesis. Primary metabolism is activated and regulated during seed germination, with respiration supplying the energy for reserve mobilisation and cell expansion. ros_leak_site CHEBI:18421 CHEBI:16240 AT3G10920 Near-null magnetic field exposure alters ROS-associated transcriptomic and metabolomic programmes in Arabidopsis. Reactive oxygen species and mitochondria jointly regulate seed germination, establishing the route from mitochondrial ROS to a developmental outcome. Not a magnetosensitive mechanism itself — it is the amplifier. A field effect too small to measure as a rate change can still register here, because ROS signalling is threshold-like. heme_electron_carrier 57Fe 1H AT1G22840 AT4G10040 GO:0005758 Cytochrome c and the transcription factor ABI4 link mitochondrial status to ABA-dependent seed germination. A one-electron heme carrier, paramagnetic in the ferric state. Included because Racca et al. place cytochrome c on the path from mitochondrial state to germination timing, which is the developmental window the review argues matters most. structural_context Reactive oxygen species and mitochondria jointly regulate seed germination, defining the window in which a respiratory lesion would have most leverage. Peroxisomal citrate synthase provides the exit route from fatty acid metabolism in oilseeds, linking reserve mobilisation to the TCA cycle. catalysis electron_transfer direct_influence electron_transfer indirect_influence indirect_influence electron_transfer energy_feedback direct_influence electron_transfer hormonal_feedback energy_feedback redox_feedback redox_feedback indirect_influence